VTNE Critical Care Practice Test

The most common cause of acute urticaria and facial swelling in dogs is typically an insect sting. This reaction occurs because insect venom, such as that from bees or wasps, can provoke a rapid allergic response in susceptible animals. The symptoms presented, including urticaria (hives) and localized swelling of the face, are the result of histamine release and other inflammatory mediators in response to the venom.

Insect stings can result in acute reactions that manifest swiftly after exposure, making them a common trigger for these clinical signs. While food allergies, environmental allergens, and drug reactions can also cause similar symptoms, they often tend to present with a more gradual onset or require repeated exposure over time, whereas insect venom causes immediate responses after a single incident.

Understanding the nature of the allergic response and the typical presentation of these different factors can aid in quick identification and treatment in clinical situations involving acute urticaria and facial swelling in dogs.